直播带货藏“猫腻”,售假治理需多方合力******
◎新华社记者 邵鲁文
近年来,网络直播带货日渐兴起。在一些直播间内,低廉的商品价格、主播极具诱惑性的销售话术,让不少消费者怦然心动。
然而,一些直播带货的商品看似物美价廉,背后却可能潜藏制假售假的“猫腻”。各地公安、市场监管等部门已查处多起通过直播平台售假案件,其中不少案件涉案金额超过千万元。
服装、配饰是“重灾区”
记者发现,服装、配饰等是直播售假的“重灾区”。此外,酒水类售假也屡见不鲜。山东德州警方近期查处一起通过直播带货销售假茅台酒案件,涉案金额巨大,而犯罪嫌疑人用于制作假酒的基酒每斤成本只有8.5元。
直播售假已成为网购中不容忽视的问题,不少“网红”也曾因售假问题被监管部门处罚。2020年,有消费者质疑某主播团队成员在直播间售卖的燕窝是糖水。广州市场监管部门对相关人员作出责令停止违法行为、罚款90万元的行政处罚。
而在黑猫投诉平台,消费者针对电商直播平台的投诉已达万余条,涉及商品以次充好、虚假营销、售卖假冒伪劣产品等多方面问题。
常用套路有迹可循
多名办案民警表示,围绕销售假冒伪劣产品,网络主播的一些常用套路有迹可循。
在山东菏泽警方破获的一起通过电商直播销售冒牌服装的案件中,犯罪嫌疑人采用大量营销手段宣传产品,并用话术诱导消费者。菏泽市公安局食品药品与环境犯罪侦查支队支队长方辉杰说,犯罪嫌疑人直播前会在多个社交平台进行新款产品的预热,甚至花钱购买流量引流,直播间几乎每次都有上万人观看。在销售过程中,以“大牌尾单”“工厂原单”等名义,利用部分消费者贪图便宜的心理,销售价格比正品便宜很多的假货。
业内人士告诉记者,不少售假团伙甚至还总结出多种固定套路。例如,在推销产品时,常常用“全部是内部渠道弄到的货,要是假货我还用那么麻烦吗?”“费力搞到货别人却不领情,这种心情你懂吗?”等话术营造找到货源不容易的感觉。而在鼓动消费者下单时,常常会使用“一共30单就上一分钟”“错过就再也没有了”“这个价格就上这一次,一会恢复原价”等说辞。
一些主播在直播平台上长期售假,也凸显出平台自身存在监管盲区。德州市公安局德城分局食品药品与环境犯罪侦查大队民警马恒说,查处的销售假酒案件中,犯罪嫌疑人曾在直播间连续直播卖货多时,仅一个月就销售假酒2000多箱。
中消协在《2022“双11”消费维权舆情分析报告》中提到,在“双11”转型升级、商品与交易逻辑再梳理的渐进过程中,平台与商家的规则边界意识还有待强化。
平台方监管责任需落实
记者注意到,一些平台已经采取措施,对直播售假行为进行治理。2022年9月,抖音电商就曾发布关于“三无商品”的专项治理公告,对销售无产品名称、无生产厂厂名、无厂址商品的商家进行严厉打击。此外,2022年11月10日,抖音电商还公布“打击售卖劣质羽绒服专项行动”阶段治理成果,封禁违规羽绒服商品33491件,清退相关店铺522个,处罚相关商家596个。
受访专家认为,假冒伪劣产品的生产和销售,影响了正常的经营秩序,也侵害了相关品牌企业的切身利益,同时侵犯了消费者权益,亟须严肃治理。中国人民大学商法研究所所长刘俊海说,借助直播平台售假现象增多,凸显出对这一新兴领域的监管尚存不足。2021年5月,国家互联网信息办公室等七部门制定的《网络直播营销管理办法(试行)》开始施行。相关监管部门应秉持对假货“零容忍”的态度,严肃查处各类制假、售假行为,保护消费者合法权益。
2022年3月,国家互联网信息办公室、国家税务总局、国家市场监督管理总局发布《关于进一步规范网络直播营利行为促进行业健康发展的意见》,进一步明确了平台方的监管职责。
“各互联网平台需要进一步压实自身责任,对于入驻的电商经营者尽到主体资格审核义务,在保障消费者权利的同时,这也是促进自身业务增长的方式之一。”中消协律师团律师李斌认为,各大平台要做到严格落实监管,引导入驻商家恪守诚实信用原则,确保守法合规经营。
多地公安和消保部门也发出消费提示,呼吁消费者不断提升自我保护意识和风险防范能力,尤其是避免盲目冲动,做到科学消费。遇到消费纠纷时,及时向相关部门提供线索,维护自身合法权益。
中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎)